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1 #LyX 1.1 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
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2 \lyxformat 218
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3 \textclass paper
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4 \language english
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5 \inputencoding auto
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6 \fontscheme default
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7 \graphics default
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8 \paperfontsize default
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9 \spacing single
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10 \papersize Default
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11 \paperpackage a4
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12 \use_geometry 0
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13 \use_amsmath 0
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14 \paperorientation portrait
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15 \secnumdepth 3
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16 \tocdepth 3
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17 \paragraph_separation skip
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18 \defskip smallskip
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19 \quotes_language english
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20 \quotes_times 2
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21 \papercolumns 1
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22 \papersides 1
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23 \paperpagestyle default
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24
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25 \layout Title
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26
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27 Watermarking Source Code
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28 \layout SubTitle
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29
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30 version 0.4
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31 \layout Author
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32
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33 Peter Meerwald
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34 \layout Address
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35
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36 Dept.
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37 of Scientific Computing, University of Salzburg
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38 \newline
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39 Jakob-Haringer-Str.
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40 2, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
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41 \newline
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42
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43 \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{mailto:pmeerw@cosy.sbg.ac.at}
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44
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45 \end_inset
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46
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47
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48 \newline
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49
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50 \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://www.cosy.sbg.ac.at/~pmeerw/Watermarking}
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51
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52 \end_inset
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53
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54
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55 \layout Abstract
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56
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57 This package provides source code for some watermarking algorithms in hopefully
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58 portable C code.
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59 The programs can be used to study watermarking techniques, perform comparative
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60 robustness tests and develop new attacks against embedded watermarks.
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61 \layout Abstract
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62
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63 However, the provided programs are by no means suitable for real-world applicati
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64 on (i.e.
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65 copyright protection) and the code solely serves some educational purpose.
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66 \layout Standard
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67
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68
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69 \begin_inset LatexCommand \tableofcontents{}
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70
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71 \end_inset
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72
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73
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74 \layout Section
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75
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76 Introduction
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77 \layout Standard
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78
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79 Academic research in the watermarking field has grown dramatically since
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80 approximately 1995.
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81 But surprisingly, source code for the proposed watermarking schemes has
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82 not been made available.
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83 The reason is most likely the security of many watermarking systems lies
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84 at least to some extent in the embedding and detection algorithm itself,
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85 and not in the keys used -- violating the Kerckhoff principle
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86 \begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{Kerckhoff1883a}
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87
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88 \end_inset
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89
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90 .
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91 \layout Standard
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92
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93 With the availability of public robustness test for watermarking algorithms,
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94 StirMark
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95 \begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{Petitcolas99c, Petitcolas98b, Petitcolas98a}
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96
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97 \end_inset
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98
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99 , Unzign
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100 \begin_float footnote
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101 \layout Standard
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102
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103
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104 \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://www.altern.org/watermark}
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105
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106 \end_inset
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107
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108
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109 \end_float
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110 and very recently Checkmark
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111 \begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{Pereira01b}
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112
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113 \end_inset
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114
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115 , the situation begins to improve.
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116 Now it is possible to measure the performance of watermarking systems.
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117
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118 \layout Standard
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119
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120 In order the compare and evaluate new embedding and detection techniques,
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121 it is also necessary to have some reference implementations of the older,
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122 now often called classical schemes.
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123 In this work, we provide some implementations of watermarking schemes,
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124 some of which can be considered 'classical'.
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125 \layout Standard
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126
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127 It was the goal to capture the main ideas of the proposed algorithms, as
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128 layed out in the respective papers.
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129 This is clearly not an easy task as some papers do not disclose all details
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130 or state which particular parameters were used to obtain the results outlined
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131 in the communications.
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132 \layout Standard
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133
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134 I am very interested in hearing your comments, complaints and suggestions
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135 regarding this software.
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136 Moreover, if you have source code for a watermarking scheme not yet covered
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137 or some useful utility I would be happy to include your code in this distributi
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138 on.
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139 Please see the contact information at the top of this document.
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140 \layout Standard
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141
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142 If you use the accompanying code, please cite my thesis:
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143 \layout Quotation
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144
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145 Peter Meerwald, Digital Image Watermarking in the Wavelet Transform Domain,
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146 Master's Thesis, Department of Scientific Computing, University of Salzburg,
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147 Austria, January 2001.
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148 \layout Section
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149
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150 Software
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151 \layout Standard
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152
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153 Most of the software provided herein was written by myself, as part of my
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154 Master thesis.
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155 Some contributions were made by Vassilis Fotopoulos
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156 \begin_float footnote
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157 \layout Standard
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158
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159
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160 \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{mailto:vfotop1@physics.upatras.gr}
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161
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162 \end_inset
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163
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164
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165 \end_float
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166 .
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167 The software in the archive is organized in the following sub-directories:
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168 \layout Description
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169
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170 Fotopoulos/ contains contributions by Vassilis Fotopoulos
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171 \layout Description
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172
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173 Meerwald/ contains my work
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174 \layout Description
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175
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176 images/ contains the Lena image in PGM format; the default parameters of
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177 most algorithms are tuned to work best with that image
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178 \layout Description
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179
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180 linux_bin/ the place where the Linux executables are stored in the binary
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181 distribution
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182 \layout Description
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183
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184 win32_bin/ the place where Windows 32-bit executables are distributed; tested
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185 with Windows NT 4.0 only
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186 \layout Description
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187
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188 make/ contains the
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189 \family typewriter
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190 \size small
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191 Makefile
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192 \family default
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193 \size default
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194 options to build the code on supported platforms
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195 \layout Standard
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196
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197 For the purpose of this software package, a watermarking system comprises
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198 four parts, namely: signature generation, watermark embedding, watermark
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199 extraction and signature comparison or detection -- with the exception
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200 of Vassilis's code; there are only cast and test programs (corresponds
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201 to watermark embedding and detection).
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202 Signature is used more less as a synonym for mark and can be thought of
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203 as the payload (at least for some schemes :-).
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204 \layout Standard
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205
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206 All programs only accept the image in NetPBM format and will also produce
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207 only NetPBM-format files (see section
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208 \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:prereq}
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209
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210 \end_inset
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211
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212 ).
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213 Unfortunately, most programs have only been tested with 8-bit gray-scale
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214 images of size
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215 \begin_inset Formula \( 512\times 512. \)
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216 \end_inset
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217
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218
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219 \layout Standard
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220
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221 In order to simplify batch testing, the programs allow to read either from
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222 a file, e.g.
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223 \layout Standard
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224
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225
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226 \family typewriter
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227 \size small
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228 wm_cox_e -s cox.sig
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229 \series bold
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230 image.pgm
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231 \layout Standard
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232
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233 or from standard input, i.e.
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234 \layout Standard
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235
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236 wm_cox_e -s cox.sig
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237 \series bold
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238 < image.pgm
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239 \layout Standard
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240
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241 The output is usually written to standard output, i.e.
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242
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243 \layout Standard
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244
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245
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246 \family typewriter
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247 \size small
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248 wm_cox_e -s cox.sig image.pgm
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249 \series bold
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250 > wm_image.pgm
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251 \layout Standard
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252
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253 unless redirected to a file, e.g.
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254 \layout Standard
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255
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256
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257 \family typewriter
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258 \size small
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259 wm_cox_e -s cox.sig
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260 \series bold
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261 -o wm_image.pgm
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262 \series default
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263 image.pgm
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264 \layout Subsection
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265
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266 Featured algorithms
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267 \layout Standard
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268
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269 Currently it includes the following watermarking algorithms
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270 \layout Itemize
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271
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272 Bruyndonckx [bruyn], refer to
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273 \layout Quotation
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274
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275 O.
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276 Bruyndonckx, Jean-Jacques Quisquater, and Benoit M.
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277 Macq.
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278 Spatial method for copyright labeling of digital images.
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279 In IEEE Workshop on Nonlinear Signal and Image Processing '95, Thessaloniki,
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280 Greece, pages 456 - 459, 1995.
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281 \layout Itemize
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282
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283 Corvi, refer to
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284 \layout Quotation
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285
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286 Marco Corvi and Gianluca Nicchiotti.
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287 Wavelet-based image watermarking for copyright protection.
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288 In Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis SCIA '97, Lappeenranta, Finland,
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289 June 1997.
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290 \layout Itemize
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291
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292 Cox, refer to
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293 \layout Quotation
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294
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295 Ingemar J.
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296 Cox, Joe Kilian, Tom Leighton, and Talal G.
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297 Shamoon.
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298 Secure spread spectrum watermarking for multimedia.
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299 In Proceedings of the IEEE ICIP '97, volume 6, pages 1673 - 1687, Santa
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300 Barbara, California, USA, 1997.
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301 \layout Itemize
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302
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303 Dugad, refer to
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304 \layout Quotation
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305
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306 Rakesh Dugad, Krishna Ratakonda, and Narendra Ahuja.
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307 A new wavelet-based scheme for watermarking images.
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308 In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing,
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309 ICIP '98, Chicago, IL, USA, October 1998.
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310
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311 \layout Itemize
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312
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313 Fridrich (2.
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314 scheme), refer to
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315 \layout Quotation
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316
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317 Jiri Fridrich.
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318 Combining low-frequency and spread spectrum watermarking.
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319 In Proceedings of the SPIE Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering and
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320 Instrumentation, San Diego, USA, July 1998.
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321
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322 \layout Itemize
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323
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324 Kim, refer to
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325 \layout Quotation
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326
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327 Jong Ryul Kim and Young Shik Moon.
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328 A robust wavelet-based digital watermark using level-adaptive thresholding.
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329 In Proceedings of the 6th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing
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330 ICIP '99, page 202, Kobe, Japan, October 1999.
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331 \layout Itemize
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332
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333 Koch, refer to
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334 \layout Quotation
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335
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336 Eckhard Koch and Jian Zhao.
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337 Towards robust and hidden image copyright labeling.
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338 In Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Nonlinear Signal and
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339 Image Processing, pages 452 - 455, Halkidiki, Marmaras, Greece, June 1995.
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340 \layout Itemize
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341
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342 Wang, refer to
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343 \layout Quotation
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344
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345 Houng-Jyh Wang, Po-Chyi Su, and C.-C.
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346 Jay Kuo.
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347 Wavelet-based digital image watermarking.
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348 Optics Express, volume 3, pp.
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349 497, December 1998.
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350
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351 \layout Itemize
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352
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353 Xia, refer to
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354 \layout Quotation
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355
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356 Xiang-Gen Xia, Charles G.
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357 Boncelet, and Gonzalo R.
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358 Arce.
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359 Wavelet transform based watermark for digital images.
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360 Optics Express, volume 3, pp.
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361 497, December 1998.
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362 \layout Itemize
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363
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364 Xie, refer to
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365 \layout Quotation
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366
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367 Liehua Xie and Gonzalo R.
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368 Arce.
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369 Joint wavelet compression and authentication watermarking.
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370 In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing,
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371 ICIP '98, Chicago, IL, USA, 1998.
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372 \layout Itemize
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373
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374 Zhu, refer to
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375 \layout Quotation
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376
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377 Wenwu Zhu, Zixiang Xiong, and Ya-Qin Zhang.
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378 Multiresolution watermarking for images and video: a unified approach.
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379 In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing,
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380 ICIP '98, Chicago, IL, USA, October 1998.
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381
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382 \layout Itemize
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383
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384 Piva/Fotopoulos [cast|test-pv,hart,sub], contribution by Vassilis Fotopoulos,
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385 refer to
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386 \layout Quotation
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387
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388 M.Barni, F.
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389 Bartolini, V.
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390 Cappellini, A.
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391 Piva.
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392 A DCT-Domain System for Robust Image Watermarking, Signal Processing, vol.
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393 66, pp 357 - 372, 1998.
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394 \begin_deeper
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395 \layout Standard
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396 \added_space_top smallskip \added_space_bottom smallskip
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397 and
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398 \end_deeper
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399 \layout Quotation
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400
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401 V.
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402 Fotopoulos, A.
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403 N.
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404 Skodras, A Subband DCT approach to image watermarking, X European Signal
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405 Processing Conference, September 4 - 8, 2000, Tampere, Finland.
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406 \layout Standard
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407
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408 More algorithms will be added over time, I have implemented about 13 watermarkin
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409 g algorithms in the spatial-, DCT-, and wavelet domain so far.
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410 \layout Subsection
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411
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412
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413 \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:utility_programs}
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414
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415 \end_inset
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416
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417 Utility programs
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418 \layout Standard
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419
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420 A good way to check the effect of a watermarking algorithm is computing
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421 the difference image, i.e.
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422 subtracting the original image from the watermarked image.
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423 Alternatively, one can also have a look at the modified coefficients in
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424 the transform domain.
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425 The following programs facilitate these tasks:
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426 \layout Description
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427
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428 cmp_pgm compute difference image, PSNR, ...
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429 \layout Description
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430
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431 cmp_dct compute full-frame DCT domain difference image
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432 \layout Description
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433
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434 cmp_dct8x8 compute 8x8 block-based DCT difference image
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435 \layout Description
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436
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437 cmp_dwt compute DWT domain difference image
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438 \layout Standard
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439
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440 For example, to produce the difference image of two PGM files and compute
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441 the PSNR along with some other measures, the following command can be used:
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442 \layout Standard
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443
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444
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445 \family typewriter
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446 \size small
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447 cmp_pgm -p -i original.pgm -o diff.pgm watermarked.pgm
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448 \layout Section
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449
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450 Usage
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451 \layout Standard
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452
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453 Note, almost all programs will output usage information if called with the
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454
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455 \family typewriter
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456 \size small
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457 -h
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458 \family default
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459 \size default
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460 argument.
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461 \layout Subsection
|
|
|
462
|
|
|
463 Generating a mark
|
|
|
464 \layout Standard
|
|
|
465
|
|
|
466 First, you have to generate an appropriate signature file for the corresponding
|
|
|
467 embedding/detection algorithm; e.g.
|
|
|
468 if you are going to use Cox' scheme, then you would run
|
|
|
469 \layout Standard
|
|
|
470
|
|
|
471
|
|
|
472 \family typewriter
|
|
|
473 \size small
|
|
|
474 gen_cox_sig
|
|
|
475 \layout Standard
|
|
|
476
|
|
|
477 The programs outputs some parameters and a sequence of Gaussian distributed
|
|
|
478 random numbers (which is the watermark sequence).
|
|
|
479 You want to save that into a signature file, so you run
|
|
|
480 \layout Standard
|
|
|
481
|
|
|
482
|
|
|
483 \family typewriter
|
|
|
484 \size small
|
|
|
485 gen_cox_sig > cox.sig or
|
|
|
486 \layout Standard
|
|
|
487
|
|
|
488
|
|
|
489 \family typewriter
|
|
|
490 \size small
|
|
|
491 gen_cox_sig -o cox.sig
|
|
|
492 \layout Standard
|
|
|
493
|
|
|
494 You can influence e.g.
|
|
|
495 the embedding strength that will be used in the embedding step by running
|
|
|
496 \layout Standard
|
|
|
497
|
|
|
498
|
|
|
499 \family typewriter
|
|
|
500 \size small
|
|
|
501 gen_cox_sig -a 0.5 > too_strong_cox.sig
|
|
|
502 \layout Standard
|
|
|
503
|
|
|
504 Usually, the programs for generating a signature will supply reasonable
|
|
|
505 default values for marking a 8-bit gray-scale image of size
|
|
|
506 \begin_inset Formula \( 512\times 512. \)
|
|
|
507 \end_inset
|
|
|
508
|
|
|
509
|
|
|
510 \layout Subsection
|
|
|
511
|
|
|
512 Watermark embedding
|
|
|
513 \layout Standard
|
|
|
514
|
|
|
515 Watermark embedding is performed with the following command (for our example,
|
|
|
516 we are using Cox' scheme):
|
|
|
517 \layout Standard
|
|
|
518
|
|
|
519
|
|
|
520 \family typewriter
|
|
|
521 \size small
|
|
|
522 wm_cox_e -s cox.sig -o cox_lena.pgm lena.pgm
|
|
|
523 \layout Standard
|
|
|
524
|
|
|
525 The signature file is parsed to obtain the particular watermark sequence
|
|
|
526 and the embedding strength.
|
|
|
527 The watermarked image is written to the file
|
|
|
528 \family typewriter
|
|
|
529 \size small
|
|
|
530 cox_lena.pgm
|
|
|
531 \family default
|
|
|
532 \size default
|
|
|
533 .
|
|
|
534 Now it the time to check the perceptual quality of the produced image and
|
|
|
535 also have a look at the difference image (see section
|
|
|
536 \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:utility_programs}
|
|
|
537
|
|
|
538 \end_inset
|
|
|
539
|
|
|
540 ).
|
|
|
541 \layout Subsection
|
|
|
542
|
|
|
543 Watermark extraction
|
|
|
544 \layout Standard
|
|
|
545
|
|
|
546 To extract the embedded signature, we execute the command
|
|
|
547 \layout Standard
|
|
|
548
|
|
|
549
|
|
|
550 \family typewriter
|
|
|
551 \size small
|
|
|
552 wm_cox_d -s cox.sig -i lena.pgm -o cox.wm cox_lena.pgm
|
|
|
553 \layout Standard
|
|
|
554
|
|
|
555 Since Cox' algorithm is not blind, the original image is needed as a reference
|
|
|
556 to extract the embedded mark.
|
|
|
557 The embedded mark will be stored in
|
|
|
558 \family typewriter
|
|
|
559 \size small
|
|
|
560 cox.wm
|
|
|
561 \family default
|
|
|
562 \size default
|
|
|
563 .
|
|
|
564 The original signature,
|
|
|
565 \family typewriter
|
|
|
566 \size small
|
|
|
567 cox.sig
|
|
|
568 \family default
|
|
|
569 \size default
|
|
|
570 , is used to get the auxiliary embedding parameter correct (e.g.
|
|
|
571 embedding strength).
|
|
|
572
|
|
|
573 \layout Subsection
|
|
|
574
|
|
|
575 Comparing the mark
|
|
|
576 \layout Standard
|
|
|
577
|
|
|
578 The final step is comparing the original signature against the extracted
|
|
|
579 signature.
|
|
|
580 The result here is usually a correlation factor.
|
|
|
581 Values around 0 indicate that the mark has not been found, values around
|
|
|
582 1
|
|
|
583 \layout Standard
|
|
|
584
|
|
|
585 In most programs a analytical detection threshold for some detection probability
|
|
|
586 is not used.
|
|
|
587 Hence, one has to observe the output of the detector for many different
|
|
|
588 keys (around 1000 I'd suggest) to establish a reasonable threshold for
|
|
|
589 detection.
|
|
|
590 A good value to go with initially might be 0.2 which means we claim the
|
|
|
591 watermark detected if the correlation factor is > 0.2.
|
|
|
592 \layout Standard
|
|
|
593
|
|
|
594 The appropriate command for comparing the mark is
|
|
|
595 \layout Standard
|
|
|
596
|
|
|
597
|
|
|
598 \family typewriter
|
|
|
599 \size small
|
|
|
600 cmp_cox_sig -s cox.sig cox.wm
|
|
|
601 \layout Subsection
|
|
|
602
|
|
|
603 Batch testing - benchmarking
|
|
|
604 \layout Standard
|
|
|
605
|
|
|
606 If you want to run many test you can pipe the images to be do be watermarked
|
|
|
607 (and tested) through the embedder and detector.
|
|
|
608 The programs then act like a filter.
|
|
|
609 Try something like the following in a Unix shell script:
|
|
|
610 \layout Standard
|
|
|
611
|
|
|
612
|
|
|
613 \family typewriter
|
|
|
614 \size small
|
|
|
615 gen_cox_sig > cox.sig
|
|
|
616 \layout Standard
|
|
|
617
|
|
|
618
|
|
|
619 \family typewriter
|
|
|
620 \size small
|
|
|
621 for i in *.pgm
|
|
|
622 \layout Standard
|
|
|
623
|
|
|
624
|
|
|
625 \family typewriter
|
|
|
626 \size small
|
|
|
627 do
|
|
|
628 \layout Standard
|
|
|
629
|
|
|
630
|
|
|
631 \family typewriter
|
|
|
632 \size small
|
|
|
633 \SpecialChar ~
|
|
|
634 \SpecialChar ~
|
|
|
635 wm_cox_e -s cox.sig $i |
|
|
|
636 \backslash
|
|
|
637
|
|
|
638 \layout Standard
|
|
|
639
|
|
|
640
|
|
|
641 \family typewriter
|
|
|
642 \size small
|
|
|
643 \SpecialChar ~
|
|
|
644 \SpecialChar ~
|
|
|
645 wm_cox_d -s cox.sig -i $i |
|
|
|
646 \backslash
|
|
|
647
|
|
|
648 \layout Standard
|
|
|
649
|
|
|
650
|
|
|
651 \family typewriter
|
|
|
652 \size small
|
|
|
653 \SpecialChar ~
|
|
|
654 \SpecialChar ~
|
|
|
655 cmp_cox_sig -s cox.sig
|
|
|
656 \layout Standard
|
|
|
657
|
|
|
658
|
|
|
659 \family typewriter
|
|
|
660 \size small
|
|
|
661 done
|
|
|
662 \layout Section
|
|
|
663
|
|
|
664
|
|
|
665 \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:recompile}
|
|
|
666
|
|
|
667 \end_inset
|
|
|
668
|
|
|
669 Recompiling
|
|
|
670 \layout Standard
|
|
|
671
|
|
|
672 Note, that most watermark embedding/extraction programs use the built-in
|
|
|
673 random number generator of the C library, i.e.
|
|
|
674
|
|
|
675 \family typewriter
|
|
|
676 \size small
|
|
|
677 srandom()
|
|
|
678 \family default
|
|
|
679 \size default
|
|
|
680 and
|
|
|
681 \family typewriter
|
|
|
682 \size small
|
|
|
683 random().
|
|
|
684
|
|
|
685 \family default
|
|
|
686 \size default
|
|
|
687 Therefore, if you recompile, chances are that you won't be able to use your
|
|
|
688 images watermarked with the previous version.
|
|
|
689 \layout Standard
|
|
|
690
|
|
|
691 The Makefile options for compiling on the different platforms can be found
|
|
|
692 in the
|
|
|
693 \family typewriter
|
|
|
694 \size small
|
|
|
695 make/
|
|
|
696 \family default
|
|
|
697 \size default
|
|
|
698 sub-directory of the archive.
|
|
|
699 \layout Subsection
|
|
|
700
|
|
|
701
|
|
|
702 \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:prereq}
|
|
|
703
|
|
|
704 \end_inset
|
|
|
705
|
|
|
706 Prerequisites
|
|
|
707 \layout Subsubsection
|
|
|
708
|
|
|
709 NetPBM
|
|
|
710 \layout Standard
|
|
|
711
|
|
|
712 NetPBM is responsible for image file I/O and provides a definition of a
|
|
|
713 simple image file format along with many image file format filters that
|
|
|
714 allow to convert images to and from NetPBM format.
|
|
|
715
|
|
|
716 \layout Standard
|
|
|
717
|
|
|
718 You need to get and install the NetPBM library at
|
|
|
719 \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://wuarchive.wustl.edu/graphics/graphics/packages/NetPBM/}
|
|
|
720
|
|
|
721 \end_inset
|
|
|
722
|
|
|
723 or
|
|
|
724 \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://netpbm.sourceforge.net}
|
|
|
725
|
|
|
726 \end_inset
|
|
|
727
|
|
|
728 .
|
|
|
729 The library provides
|
|
|
730 \family typewriter
|
|
|
731 \size small
|
|
|
732 pgm.h
|
|
|
733 \family default
|
|
|
734 \size default
|
|
|
735 and the appropriate implementation.
|
|
|
736 \layout Subsection
|
|
|
737
|
|
|
738 Unix/Linux platform
|
|
|
739 \layout Standard
|
|
|
740
|
|
|
741 All programs were developed using Linux and GNU C.
|
|
|
742 The programs should compile and work with all recent versions of Linux
|
|
|
743 and GNU C.
|
|
|
744
|
|
|
745 \layout Subsection
|
|
|
746
|
|
|
747
|
|
|
748 \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:win32_compile}
|
|
|
749
|
|
|
750 \end_inset
|
|
|
751
|
|
|
752 Win32 platform
|
|
|
753 \layout Standard
|
|
|
754
|
|
|
755 The programs were ported to the Windows platform using the Cygwin
|
|
|
756 \begin_float footnote
|
|
|
757 \layout Standard
|
|
|
758
|
|
|
759
|
|
|
760 \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://www.cygwin.com}
|
|
|
761
|
|
|
762 \end_inset
|
|
|
763
|
|
|
764
|
|
|
765 \end_float
|
|
|
766 and Mingw
|
|
|
767 \begin_float footnote
|
|
|
768 \layout Standard
|
|
|
769
|
|
|
770
|
|
|
771 \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://www.mingw.org}
|
|
|
772
|
|
|
773 \end_inset
|
|
|
774
|
|
|
775
|
|
|
776 \end_float
|
|
|
777 environment.
|
|
|
778 Most notable, the file mode for standard input and standard output has
|
|
|
779 to be set to binary mode.
|
|
|
780 This is accomplished with the
|
|
|
781 \family typewriter
|
|
|
782 \size small
|
|
|
783 setmode()
|
|
|
784 \family default
|
|
|
785 \size default
|
|
|
786 or
|
|
|
787 \family typewriter
|
|
|
788 \size small
|
|
|
789 _fsetmode()
|
|
|
790 \family default
|
|
|
791 \size default
|
|
|
792 commands.
|
|
|
793 \layout Section
|
|
|
794
|
|
|
795 FAQ
|
|
|
796 \layout Standard
|
|
|
797
|
|
|
798 Q: How can I report problems?
|
|
|
799 \layout Standard
|
|
|
800
|
|
|
801 A: See the contact information at the beginning of this document.
|
|
|
802 \layout Standard
|
|
|
803
|
|
|
804 Q: The compiler complains about
|
|
|
805 \family typewriter
|
|
|
806 \size small
|
|
|
807 pgm.h
|
|
|
808 \family default
|
|
|
809 \size default
|
|
|
810 ?
|
|
|
811 \layout Standard
|
|
|
812
|
|
|
813 A: You need to get and install the NetPBM library, see section
|
|
|
814 \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:prereq}
|
|
|
815
|
|
|
816 \end_inset
|
|
|
817
|
|
|
818 .
|
|
|
819 \layout Standard
|
|
|
820
|
|
|
821 Q: What is the best algorithm?
|
|
|
822 \layout Standard
|
|
|
823
|
|
|
824 A: Depends on your application.
|
|
|
825 \layout Standard
|
|
|
826
|
|
|
827 Q: What is the most robust algorithm?
|
|
|
828 \layout Standard
|
|
|
829
|
|
|
830 A: Depends on the attack.
|
|
|
831 See some results on
|
|
|
832 \begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://www.cosy.sbg.ac.at/~pmeerw/Watermarking}
|
|
|
833
|
|
|
834 \end_inset
|
|
|
835
|
|
|
836 .
|
|
|
837 \layout Standard
|
|
|
838
|
|
|
839 Q: I need code for a full-frame DCT?
|
|
|
840 \layout Standard
|
|
|
841
|
|
|
842 A: See the files Meerwald/dct.* in the archive.
|
|
|
843 \layout Standard
|
|
|
844
|
|
|
845 Q: I need code for a 8x8 block DCT?
|
|
|
846 \layout Standard
|
|
|
847
|
|
|
848 A: See the files
|
|
|
849 \family typewriter
|
|
|
850 \size small
|
|
|
851 Meerwald/dct.*
|
|
|
852 \family default
|
|
|
853 \size default
|
|
|
854 in the archive.
|
|
|
855 \layout Standard
|
|
|
856
|
|
|
857 Q: I need code for the wavelet transform (DWT)?
|
|
|
858 \layout Standard
|
|
|
859
|
|
|
860 A: See the files
|
|
|
861 \family typewriter
|
|
|
862 \size small
|
|
|
863 Meerwald/wavelet.*
|
|
|
864 \family default
|
|
|
865 \size default
|
|
|
866 in the archive.
|
|
|
867 \layout Standard
|
|
|
868
|
|
|
869 Q: I get the message 'unable to open filter.dat' - what to do?
|
|
|
870 \layout Standard
|
|
|
871
|
|
|
872 A: Make sure the file filter.dat is in the current directory or accessible
|
|
|
873 via path/filename specified in the signature file.
|
|
|
874 Use the signature generation command to specify an absolute path if necessary.
|
|
|
875 \layout Standard
|
|
|
876
|
|
|
877 Q: I can't compile the code using some Microsoft product?
|
|
|
878 \layout Standard
|
|
|
879
|
|
|
880 A: Make your life easier, install GNU software! See section
|
|
|
881 \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:recompile}
|
|
|
882
|
|
|
883 \end_inset
|
|
|
884
|
|
|
885 .
|
|
|
886 \layout Section
|
|
|
887
|
|
|
888 Revision history
|
|
|
889 \layout Standard
|
|
|
890
|
|
|
891 version 0.4 (June 21, 2001)
|
|
|
892 \layout Itemize
|
|
|
893
|
|
|
894 bug fixes
|
|
|
895 \begin_deeper
|
|
|
896 \layout Itemize
|
|
|
897
|
|
|
898 wm_xia_{e|d}.c variable level uninitialized
|
|
|
899 \layout Itemize
|
|
|
900
|
|
|
901 wm_zhu_{e|d}.c variable level uninitialized
|
|
|
902 \layout Itemize
|
|
|
903
|
|
|
904 issue with random() vs.
|
|
|
905 rand() and RAND_MAX in frid2_common.c
|
|
|
906 \end_deeper
|
|
|
907 \layout Itemize
|
|
|
908
|
|
|
909 added option to bruyn algorithm to disable block skipping
|
|
|
910 \layout Itemize
|
|
|
911
|
|
|
912 added algorithm kim
|
|
|
913 \layout Standard
|
|
|
914
|
|
|
915 version 0.3 (June 18, 2001)
|
|
|
916 \layout Itemize
|
|
|
917
|
|
|
918 created a nice (?) manual/documentation
|
|
|
919 \layout Itemize
|
|
|
920
|
|
|
921 added algorithms by Dugad, Wang, Zhu, Fridrich
|
|
|
922 \layout Itemize
|
|
|
923
|
|
|
924 added Makefiles for Win32 platform (mingw32)
|
|
|
925 \layout Standard
|
|
|
926
|
|
|
927 version 0.2 (February 22, 2001)
|
|
|
928 \layout Itemize
|
|
|
929
|
|
|
930 added contribution by Vassilis Fotopoulos (Piva's algorithm,
|
|
|
931 \layout Itemize
|
|
|
932
|
|
|
933 DCT, Hartley and subband domain) - see Fotopoulos/ subdirectory
|
|
|
934 \layout Itemize
|
|
|
935
|
|
|
936 stuff moved to Meerwald/ subdirectory
|
|
|
937 \layout Itemize
|
|
|
938
|
|
|
939 added Bruyndonckx, Corvi, Koch, Xia, Xie algorithms
|
|
|
940 \layout Standard
|
|
|
941
|
|
|
942 version 0.1 (February 18, 2001)
|
|
|
943 \layout Itemize
|
|
|
944
|
|
|
945 initial release
|
|
|
946 \layout Section
|
|
|
947
|
|
|
948 Legal statement
|
|
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949 \layout Standard
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950
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951 My license is called "I-don't-care" license: (1) You can do with the accompanyin
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952 g software whatever you want, but don't blame me if it doesn't work or it
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953 causes damage.
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954 (2) If you think my work is useful, tell me and tell others, but you are
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955 not obliged to do so.
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956 I suggest not to remove information contained in this other documentation
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957 file.
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958 \layout Standard
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959
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960
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961 \begin_inset LatexCommand \BibTeX[plain]{watermarking}
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962
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963 \end_inset
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964
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965
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966 \the_end
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