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0
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1 #include "wm.h"
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2 #include "signature.h"
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3 #include "coord.h"
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4 #include "gray.h"
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5 #include "sort.h"
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6 #include "bruyn_common.h"
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7 #include "pgm.h"
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8
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9 char *progname;
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10
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11 // prints out program's parameters
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12 void usage(void) {
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13 fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [-b n] [-h] [-k] [-n n] [-o file] [-pP n] [-q n] [-tT n] [-v n] -s file file\n", progname);
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14 fprintf(stderr, "\t-b n\t\tblock size\n");
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15 fprintf(stderr, "\t-h\t\tprint usage\n");
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16 fprintf(stderr, "\t-k\t\tdisable block skipping\n");
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17 fprintf(stderr, "\t-n n\t\tnumber of signature bits to embed\n");
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18 fprintf(stderr, "\t-o file\t\toutput (watermarked) file\n");
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19 fprintf(stderr, "\t-p n\t\tpattern type for zone 1\n");
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20 fprintf(stderr, "\t-P n\t\tpattern type for zone 2\n");
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21 fprintf(stderr, "\t-q n\t\tsignature strength\n");
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22 fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file\t\tsignature to embed in input image\n");
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23 fprintf(stderr, "\t-t n\t\tthreshold for noise\n");
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24 fprintf(stderr, "\t-T n\t\tthreshold for slope\n");
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25 fprintf(stderr, "\t-v n\t\tverbosity level\n");
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26 exit(0);
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27 }
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28
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29 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
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30 FILE *in = stdin;
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31 FILE *out = stdout;
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32 FILE *sig = NULL;
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33
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34 gray** image;
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35 gray **block;
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36 gray **zone;
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37 gray **category1, **category2;
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38 gray maxval;
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39 double *slope;
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8
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40 int rows, cols, format;
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0
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41 int c;
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42 int i, j;
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43 int n;
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44 int col, row;
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45 int n_block;
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46 int skipping = 0;
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47
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48 char signature_name[MAXPATHLEN];
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49 char input_name[MAXPATHLEN] = "(stdin)";
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50 char output_name[MAXPATHLEN] = "(stdout)";
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51
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52 double quality = 0.0;
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53 double threshold_noise = 0.0;
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54 double threshold_slope = 0.0;
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55 int pattern1 = 0;
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56 int pattern2 = 0;
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57 int blocksize = 0;
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58 int seed;
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59
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60 int verbose = 0;
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61
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62 struct coords *coords;
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63
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64 progname = argv[0];
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65
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66 pgm_init(&argc, argv); wm_init();
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67
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68 // parse command line and set options
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69 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "b:h?n:o:p:P:q:s:t:T:v:k")) != EOF) {
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70 switch (c) {
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71 case 'k':
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72 skipping = 1;
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73 break;
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74 case 'h':
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75 case '?':
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76 usage();
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77 break;
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78 case 'n':
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79 nbit_signature = atoi(optarg);
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80 if (nbit_signature <= 0 || nbit_signature > NBITSIGNATURE) {
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81 fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid signature length %d\n", progname, nbit_signature);
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82 exit(1);
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83 }
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84 break;
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85 case 'o':
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86 if ((out = fopen(optarg, "wb")) == NULL) {
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87 fprintf(stderr, "%s: unable to open output file %s\n", progname, optarg);
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88 exit(1);
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89 }
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90 strcpy(output_name, optarg);
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91 break;
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92 case 'p':
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93 pattern1 = atoi(optarg);
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94 if (pattern1 <= 0 || pattern1 > NPATTERN) {
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95 fprintf(stderr, "%s: pattern type out of range\n", progname);
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96 exit(1);
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97 }
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98 break;
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99 case 'P':
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100 pattern2 = atoi(optarg);
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101 if (pattern2 <= 0 || pattern2 > 3) {
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102 fprintf(stderr, "%s: pattern type out of range\n", progname);
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103 exit(1);
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104 }
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105 break;
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106 case 'q':
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107 quality = atof(optarg);
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108 if (quality <= 0) {
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109 fprintf(stderr, "%s: quality factor %f out of range\n", progname, quality);
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110 }
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111 break;
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112 case 's':
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113 if ((sig = fopen(optarg, "r")) == NULL) {
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114 fprintf(stderr, "%s: unable to open signature file %s\n", progname, optarg);
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115 exit(1);
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116 }
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117 strcpy(signature_name, optarg);
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118 break;
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119 case 't':
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120 threshold_noise = atof(optarg);
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121 if (threshold_noise <= 0) {
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122 fprintf(stderr, "%s: noise threshold %f out of range\n", progname, threshold_noise);
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123 }
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124 break;
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125 case 'T':
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126 threshold_slope = atof(optarg);
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127 if (threshold_slope <= 0) {
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128 fprintf(stderr, "%s: slope threshold %f out of range\n", progname, threshold_slope);
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129 }
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130 break;
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131 case 'v':
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132 verbose = atoi(optarg);
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133 if (verbose < 0) {
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134 fprintf(stderr, "%s: verbosity level %d out of range\n",progname, verbose);
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135 exit(1);
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136 }
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137 break;
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138 }
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139 }
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140
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141 argc -= optind;
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142 argv += optind;
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143
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144 if (argc > 1) {
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145 usage();
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146 exit(1);
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147 }
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148
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149 // open input image file or read from stdin
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8
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150 if (argc == 1 && *argv[0] != '-') {
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0
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151 if ((in = fopen(argv[0], "rb")) == NULL) {
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152 fprintf(stderr, "%s: unable to open input file %s\n", progname, argv[0]);
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153 exit(1);
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154 }
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155 else
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156 strcpy(input_name, argv[0]);
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8
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157 }
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158
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0
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159 // read signature file and set options
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160 // command line options override signature file options
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161 if (sig) {
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162 char line[128];
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163 fgets(line, sizeof(line), sig);
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164 if (strspn(line, "BRSG") >= 4) {
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165 if (nbit_signature == 0)
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166 fscanf(sig, "%d\n", &nbit_signature);
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167 else
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168 fscanf(sig, "%*d\n");
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169 if (skipping == 0)
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170 fscanf(sig, "%d\n", &skipping);
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171 else
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172 fscanf(sig, "%*d\n");
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173 if (pattern1 == 0)
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174 fscanf(sig, "%d\n", &pattern1);
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175 else
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176 fscanf(sig, "%*d\n");
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177 if (pattern2 == 0)
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178 fscanf(sig, "%d\n", &pattern2);
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179 else
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180 fscanf(sig, "%*d\n");
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181 if (quality == 0.0)
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182 fscanf(sig, "%lf\n", &quality);
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183 else
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184 fscanf(sig, "%*lf\n");
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185 if (threshold_noise == 0.0)
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186 fscanf(sig, "%lf\n", &threshold_noise);
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187 else
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188 fscanf(sig, "%*lf\n");
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189 if (threshold_slope == 0.0)
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190 fscanf(sig, "%lf\n", &threshold_slope);
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191 else
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192 fscanf(sig, "%*lf\n");
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193 if (blocksize == 0)
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194 fscanf(sig, "%d\n", &blocksize);
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195 else
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196 fscanf(sig, "%*d\n");
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197 fscanf(sig, "%d\n", &seed);
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198 srandom(seed);
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199 n_signature = NBITSTOBYTES(nbit_signature);
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200 fread(signature, sizeof(char), n_signature, sig);
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201 fscanf(sig, "\n");
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202 }
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203 else {
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204 fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid signature file %s\n", progname, signature_name);
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205 exit(1);
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206 }
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207 fclose(sig);
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208 }
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209 else {
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210 fprintf(stderr, "%s: signature file not specified, use -s file option\n", progname);
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211 exit(1);
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212 }
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213
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214 if (pattern1 <= 0 || pattern2 <= 0 || pattern1 > NPATTERN || pattern2 > NPATTERN) {
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8
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215 fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid pattern type specified\n", progname);
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0
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216 exit(1);
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217 }
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218
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219 // read dimensions of input image file
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220 pgm_readpgminit(in, &cols, &rows, &maxval, &format);
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221
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222 // see if we can embed all signature bits
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223 // we want at least half of the blocks untouched
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224 if (((rows / blocksize) * (cols / blocksize)) < nbit_signature / 2) {
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225 fprintf(stderr, "%s: image not large enough to embed %d bits of signature\n", progname, nbit_signature);
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226 exit(1);
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227 }
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228 n_block = blocksize * blocksize;
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229
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230 // allocate structure to remember which blocks we already touched,
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231 // allow plenty of room to skip over blocks
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8
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232 if ((coords = alloc_coords(nbit_signature * 16)) == NULL) {
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0
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233 fprintf(stderr, "%s: unable to allocate memory\n", progname);
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234 exit(1);
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235 }
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236
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237 // read in input image file
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238 image = pgm_allocarray(cols, rows);
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239 for (row = 0; row < rows; row++)
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240 pgm_readpgmrow(in, image[row], cols, maxval, format);
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241
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242 fclose(in);
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243
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244 row = 0;
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245 col = 0;
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246
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247 // allocate memory for one block
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248 block = alloc_grays(blocksize, blocksize);
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249
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250 // allocate memory for zone classification
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251 zone = alloc_grays(blocksize, blocksize);
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252
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253 // allocate memory for category classification
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254 category1 = alloc_grays(blocksize, blocksize);
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255 category2 = alloc_grays(blocksize, blocksize);
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256
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257 // set up category classification array according to
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258 // pattern type parameter
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259 for (i = 0; i < blocksize; i++)
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260 for (j = 0; j < blocksize; j++) {
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261 category1[j][i] = lookup_pattern(pattern1, i, j);
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262 category2[j][i] = lookup_pattern(pattern2, i, j);
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263 }
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264
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265 // allocate memory for slope calculation
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266 slope = malloc(sizeof(double) * n_block);
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267
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268 // embed all the signature bits, one by one
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269 n = 0;
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270 while (n < nbit_signature) {
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271 int xb;
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272 int yb;
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273 int blocktype;
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274 double smax;
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275 int alpha, beta_minus, beta_plus;
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276 double mean_1A, mean_1B, mean_2A, mean_2B, mean_1, mean_2;
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277 double mean__1A, mean__1B, mean__2A, mean__2B;
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278 int n_1A, n_1B, n_2A, n_2B, n_1, n_2;
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279 int var_1A, var_1B, var_2A, var_2B;
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280 int zone1_ok, zone2_ok;
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281
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282 // find an unused block randomly, depending on seed
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283 do {
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284 xb = random() % (cols / blocksize);
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285 yb = random() % (rows / blocksize);
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286 } while (add_coord(coords, xb, yb) < 0);
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287
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288 // copy image block
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289 copy_grays_to_block(block, image, xb * blocksize, yb * blocksize, blocksize, blocksize);
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290
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291 if (verbose > 0)
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292 fprintf(stderr, "embedding bit #%d (= %d) in block at (%d/%d)\n", n, get_signature_bit(n), xb * blocksize, yb * blocksize);
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293 if (verbose > 8) {
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294 print_grays(image, xb * blocksize, yb * blocksize, blocksize, blocksize);
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295 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
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296 }
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297
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298 // sort luminance values in block to represent increasing function F
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299 sort_grays(block[0], n_block);
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300
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301 if (verbose > 8) {
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302 print_grays(block, 0, 0, blocksize, blocksize);
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303 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
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304 }
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305
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306 // calculate slopes of F and determine smax, the max. slope of F
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307 // the index where smax occures is called alpha
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308 alpha = 0;
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309 smax = 0.0;
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310 for (i = 0; i < n_block - 1; i++) {
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311 slope[i] = block[0][i + 1] - block[0][i];
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312 if (slope[i] > smax) {
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313 smax = slope[i];
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314 alpha = i;
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315 }
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316 }
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317 slope[n_block - 1] = 0;
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318
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319 // block type classification
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320 blocktype = BLOCKTYPE_UNKNOWN;
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321
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322 if (smax < threshold_noise) {
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323 // block has noise contrast
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324
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325 blocktype = BLOCKTYPE_NOISE;
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326 beta_minus = beta_plus = alpha;
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327 }
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328 else {
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329 // block has progressive or hard contrast, let's find out...
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330
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331 beta_minus = alpha - 1;
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332 while (beta_minus >= 0 && smax - slope[beta_minus] <= threshold_slope)
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333 beta_minus--;
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334
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335 beta_plus = alpha + 1;
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336 while (beta_plus < n_block && smax - slope[beta_plus] <= threshold_slope)
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337 beta_plus++;
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338
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339 if (beta_minus + 1 == alpha && beta_plus - 1 == alpha)
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340 blocktype = BLOCKTYPE_HARD;
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341 else
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342 blocktype = BLOCKTYPE_PROGRESSIVE;
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343 }
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344
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345 if (verbose > 1) {
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346 fprintf(stderr, "blocktype: %d\n", blocktype);
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347 fprintf(stderr, "Smax = %lf, alpha = %d, beta- = %d, beta+ = %d\n", smax, alpha, beta_minus, beta_plus);
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348 }
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349
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350 // block pixel classification
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351 for (i = 0; i < blocksize; i++)
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352 for (j = 0; j < blocksize; j++) {
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353 gray pixel = image[yb * blocksize + j][xb * blocksize + i];
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354 zone[j][i] = ZONE_VOID;
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355 switch (blocktype) {
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356 case BLOCKTYPE_PROGRESSIVE:
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357 case BLOCKTYPE_HARD:
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358 if (pixel < block[0][beta_minus])
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359 zone[j][i] = ZONE_1;
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360 else if (pixel > block[0][beta_plus])
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361 zone[j][i] = ZONE_2;
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362 break;
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363 case BLOCKTYPE_NOISE:
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364 if (pixel < block[0][n_block / 2])
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365 zone[j][i] = ZONE_1;
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366 else if (pixel > block[0][n_block / 2])
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367 zone[j][i] = ZONE_2;
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368 break;
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369 default:
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370 fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid block type\n", progname);
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371 break;
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372 }
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373 }
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374
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375 if (verbose > 8) {
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376 print_grays(zone, 0, 0, blocksize, blocksize);
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377 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
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378 }
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379
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380 // calculate mean values for zone/categories
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381 mean_1A = mean_1B = mean_2A = mean_2B = mean_1 = mean_2 = 0.0;
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8
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382 mean__1A = mean__1B = mean__2A = mean__2B = 0.0;
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0
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383 n_1A = n_1B = n_2A = n_2B = n_1 = n_2 = 0;
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384 for (i = 0; i < blocksize; i++)
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385 for (j = 0; j < blocksize; j++) {
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386 gray pixel = image[yb * blocksize + j][xb * blocksize + i];
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387 int pixel_zone = zone[j][i];
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388 int pixel_category = CATEGORY_VOID;
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389 if (pixel_zone == ZONE_1)
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390 pixel_category = category1[j][i];
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391 else if (pixel_zone == ZONE_2)
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392 pixel_category = category2[j][i];
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393
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394 switch (pixel_zone | pixel_category) {
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395 case CLASSIFICATION_1A:
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396 n_1++;
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397 n_1A++;
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398 mean_1A += pixel;
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399 mean_1 += pixel;
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400 break;
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401 case CLASSIFICATION_1B:
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402 n_1++;
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403 n_1B++;
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404 mean_1B += pixel;
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405 mean_1 += pixel;
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406 break;
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407 case CLASSIFICATION_2A:
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408 n_2++;
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409 n_2A++;
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410 mean_2A += pixel;
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411 mean_2 += pixel;
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412 break;
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413 case CLASSIFICATION_2B:
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414 n_2++;
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415 n_2B++;
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416 mean_2B += pixel;
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417 mean_2 += pixel;
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418 break;
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419 }
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420 }
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421
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422 if (n_1 && n_1A && n_1B) {
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423 mean_1 /= (double) n_1;
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424 mean_1A /= (double) n_1A;
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425 mean_1B /= (double) n_1B;
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426 zone1_ok = 1;
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427 }
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428 else {
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429 mean_1 = mean_1A = mean_1B = 0.0;
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430 zone1_ok = 0;
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431 if (verbose > 0)
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432 fprintf(stderr, "zone 1 unusable\n");
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433 }
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434
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435 if (n_2 && n_2A && n_2B) {
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436 mean_2 /= (double) n_2;
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437 mean_2A /= (double) n_2A;
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|
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438 mean_2B /= (double) n_2B;
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|
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439 zone2_ok = 1;
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|
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440 }
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|
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441 else {
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442 mean_2 = mean_2A = mean_2B = 0.0;
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|
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443 zone2_ok = 0;
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|
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444 if (verbose > 0)
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|
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445 fprintf(stderr, "zone 2 unusable\n");
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|
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446 }
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|
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447
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|
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448 if (!skipping && !zone1_ok && !zone2_ok) {
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|
|
449 // pathological case - can it ever happen?
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|
|
450 if (verbose > 0)
|
|
|
451 fprintf(stderr, "block skipped\n");
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|
|
452 continue;
|
|
|
453 }
|
|
|
454
|
|
|
455 if (verbose > 2) {
|
|
|
456 fprintf(stderr, "m_1 = %lf, m_1A = %lf, m_1B = %lf\n", mean_1, mean_1A, mean_1B);
|
|
|
457 fprintf(stderr, "m_2 = %lf, m_2A = %lf, m_2B = %lf\n", mean_2, mean_2A, mean_2B);
|
|
|
458 }
|
|
|
459
|
|
|
460 // calculate new mean values required by embedding rule
|
|
|
461 if (get_signature_bit(n)) {
|
|
|
462 if (zone1_ok) {
|
|
|
463 mean__1A = (mean_1 * (double) (n_1A + n_1B) + (double) n_1B * quality) / (double) (n_1A + n_1B);
|
|
|
464 mean__1B = mean__1A - quality;
|
|
|
465 }
|
|
|
466 if (zone2_ok) {
|
|
|
467 mean__2A = (mean_2 * (double) (n_2A + n_2B) + (double) n_2B * quality) / (double) (n_2A + n_2B);
|
|
|
468 mean__2B = mean__2A - quality;
|
|
|
469 }
|
|
|
470 }
|
|
|
471 else {
|
|
|
472 if (zone1_ok) {
|
|
|
473 mean__1A = (mean_1 * (double) (n_1A + n_1B) - (double) n_1B * quality) / (double) (n_1A + n_1B);
|
|
|
474 mean__1B = mean__1A + quality;
|
|
|
475 }
|
|
|
476 if (zone2_ok) {
|
|
|
477 mean__2A = (mean_2 * (double) (n_2A + n_2B) - (double) n_2B * quality) / (double) (n_2A + n_2B);
|
|
|
478 mean__2B = mean__2A + quality;
|
|
|
479 }
|
|
|
480 }
|
|
|
481
|
|
|
482 // calculate luminance variations
|
|
|
483 if (zone1_ok) {
|
|
|
484 var_1A = rint(mean__1A - mean_1A);
|
|
|
485 var_1B = rint(mean__1B - mean_1B);
|
|
|
486 }
|
|
|
487 else var_1A = var_1B = 0;
|
|
|
488
|
|
|
489 if (zone2_ok) {
|
|
|
490 var_2A = rint(mean__2A - mean_2A);
|
|
|
491 var_2B = rint(mean__2B - mean_2B);
|
|
|
492 }
|
|
|
493 else var_2A = var_2B = 0;
|
|
|
494
|
|
|
495 if (verbose > 2) {
|
|
|
496 if (zone1_ok)
|
|
|
497 fprintf(stderr, "m*_1A = %lf, m*_1B = %lf\n", mean__1A, mean__1B);
|
|
|
498 if (zone2_ok)
|
|
|
499 fprintf(stderr, "m*_2A = %lf, m*_2B = %lf\n", mean__2A, mean__2B);
|
|
|
500 fprintf(stderr, "var %d %d %d %d\n", var_1A, var_1B, var_2A, var_2B);
|
|
|
501 }
|
|
|
502
|
|
|
503 // apply luminance variations to image pixels
|
|
|
504 for (i = 0; i < blocksize; i++)
|
|
|
505 for (j = 0; j < blocksize; j++) {
|
|
|
506 int pixel = image[yb * blocksize + j][xb * blocksize + i];
|
|
|
507 int pixel_zone = zone[j][i];
|
|
|
508 int pixel_category = CATEGORY_VOID;
|
|
|
509 if (pixel_zone == ZONE_1)
|
|
|
510 pixel_category = category1[j][i];
|
|
|
511 else if (pixel_zone == ZONE_2)
|
|
|
512 pixel_category = category2[j][i];
|
|
|
513
|
|
|
514 switch (pixel_zone | pixel_category) {
|
|
|
515 case CLASSIFICATION_1A:
|
|
|
516 pixel = GRAYRANGE(pixel + var_1A);
|
|
|
517 break;
|
|
|
518 case CLASSIFICATION_1B:
|
|
|
519 pixel = GRAYRANGE(pixel + var_1B);
|
|
|
520 break;
|
|
|
521 case CLASSIFICATION_2A:
|
|
|
522 pixel = GRAYRANGE(pixel + var_2A);
|
|
|
523 break;
|
|
|
524 case CLASSIFICATION_2B:
|
|
|
525 pixel = GRAYRANGE(pixel + var_2B);
|
|
|
526 break;
|
|
|
527 }
|
|
|
528 image[yb * blocksize + j][xb * blocksize + i] = pixel;
|
|
|
529 }
|
|
|
530
|
|
|
531 n++;
|
|
|
532 }
|
|
|
533
|
|
|
534 free_grays(category2);
|
|
|
535 free_grays(category1);
|
|
|
536 free_grays(zone);
|
|
|
537 free_grays(block);
|
|
|
538
|
|
|
539 // write output image dimensions to output file
|
|
|
540 pgm_writepgminit(out, cols, rows, maxval, 0);
|
|
|
541
|
|
|
542 // write output image
|
|
|
543 for (row = 0; row < rows; row++)
|
|
|
544 pgm_writepgmrow(out, image[row], cols, maxval, 0);
|
|
|
545
|
|
|
546 fclose(out);
|
|
|
547
|
|
|
548 pgm_freearray(image, rows);
|
|
|
549
|
|
|
550 exit(0);
|
|
|
551 }
|
